{"id":71,"date":"2009-01-03T21:43:36","date_gmt":"2009-01-03T21:43:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/?p=71"},"modified":"2009-01-03T21:44:45","modified_gmt":"2009-01-03T21:44:45","slug":"socializing-your-puppy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/socializing-your-puppy\/","title":{"rendered":"Socializing Your Puppy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Socializing<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">In the past few years, puppy socialization has become a hot topic among dog owners and breeders.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>This is a very good thing because socialization can significantly improve the life of any dog. Numerous studies have been performed on various species, and the results are consistent\u2014actively socialized animals have greater brain mass and dendritic branching, have far superior problem solving tendencies, are friendlier and more playful, and are more confident and less stressed in new situations.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Unfortunately,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>many people have recognized that socialization is important and so they are doing more of it, but have not spent much time contemplating or researching \u201chow\u201d to socialize and so they are actually decreasing their dogs\u2019 confidence through hours and hours of negative or incorrect exposure to new stimuli.\u00a0 If you are doing it well, you pretty much cannot do too much socializing, but if you are causing stress or fear it takes very little to overload your dog.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">This post is going to address the general principle of how to socialize a puppy from around four weeks to fifteen years old.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span>While earlier socialization is also very important, different principles apply. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Your goal in socializing is to show your animal that the world is not a frightening place\u2014that it is a fun place full of delight and joy and that new sights and sounds mean good things are coming. Socializing is not a discrete activity\u2014it is a never-ending process.\u00a0 Sure, some days you will set out to socialize and others you will not, but ever moment your animal is with you he is learning how to react to the world and it is up to you to always see the people and things that might be scary and take the time to introduce him to them in a manner such that he comes to relish novelty. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">There are many, many different techniques for socializing, and you should utilize them all at different times.\u00a0 In fact, how I work through each socializing opportunity is slightly different depending on the stimulus, the animal, my mood, his mood, etc. The real art lies in deciding which technique to use when, and while I can offer a few suggestions on that, the truth is that it requires a great deal of intuition and empathy on your part\u2014 sometimes he is going to need your gentle understanding, other times he is going to need your strong almost forceful leadership, and you need to feel and read what your animal needs at each moment and that can be challenging. But it is a skill that can be developed!\u00a0 If you are not sure about it, consider having an experienced trainer or behaviorist or even an observant friend come watch and offer a second opinion.\u00a0 Or video tape yourself working with him and go home and watch in slow motion and try to see what your animal\u2019s body language was saying in the moment\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Before I outline some useful methods, here are some general principles to keep in mind:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Enable your animal to control his own destiny.\u00a0 There have been some very interesting studies on this, but the basic truth is that for most animals, confidence derives from knowing they have control, so if you take away their ability to modulate distance and intensity of the stimuli you induce fearfulness. You can also work on this at home before you head out to socialize by creating as many response contingent stimuli in his environment as possible.\u00a0 The more he learns that he can push, pull, dig, advance, retreat, and change the stimuli, the more confident he will be. (One of the most interesting studies on this issue involved two groups of rats raised in identical environments. Each group had levers to pull and buttons to press. In Group A, the levers and buttons caused lights, sounds, food, water, etc. In group B, the levers did nothing&#8211;their water, food, lights and sound were controlled by the levers and buttons in Group A. So both groups had identical rewards and stimuli, but only Group A could cause the changes. At 60 days, they were tested in novel environments, and Group A was interested, curious, and un-stressed, whereas Group B was stressed and did not explore. Similar studies have been done on several species with corresponding results. These studies gave rise to the now popular dog training term &#8220;learned helplessness&#8221;.)<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Somewhat contrary to the notion of letting your animal control his own destiny is that you do not want your animal to drag you away from something in fear or panic. They key to this is not to take him too close too fast so he never gets panicked.\u00a0 Let him have the option of retreating a few feet, but do not let him drag you away either. Avoid any situation in which you would have to restrain him\u2014he needs to see you as an ally and a leader, not an adversary.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Be secure and calm.\u00a0 You are a leader and you should exude relaxed confidence.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Do not reinforce fear.\u00a0 If he is afraid, support him, but be very careful that you are not reinforcing his fearful state. Do not sit there and give him treats and attention for acting fearful. Decrease the stimulus until he is not fearful and reinforce the confident behavior you are trying to achieve. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Do reinforce relaxed confidence.\u00a0 When socializing, you are conditioning a psychological state much more than a particular behavior.\u00a0 That means you need to pay attention not only to what he is doing, but to how he is feeling.\u00a0 When his eyes relax, his muscles unclench, his breathing deepens that is what you want to reward.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Take along a confident dog for him to imitate<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Do not correct or yell at him for anything during this process<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">As I said, there are many different techniques, but most of them derive from a few basic methodologies:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expose your dog to a novel stimulus at a distance just outside the range at which you believe he might be bothered by the stimulus, and play calm but animated games with him.\u00a0 Whenever he gets closer to the stimulus, reward with food or play.\u00a0 You also move away (this is where many people make a mistake).\u00a0 You do not lure the animal one step closer to give them a reward\u2014you let them take a step closer and then you give the reward away from the stimulus.\u00a0 By doing this, you are accomplishing two things\u2014you are releasing the pressure to reward their choice, and you are putting the onus on him to essentially move you towards the stimulus in order to get the reward. You do this for a little while, letting the animal take you closer and closer, and you stop before the animal has a problem.\u00a0 You come back the next day and start a little closer than you started yesterday, and end a little closer than you ended yesterday.\u00a0 You do this over and over and over with many different stimuli until your animal will essentially pull you towards any loud noise or strange looking object or person because he wants his treat or toy or praise.\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Closely related to the first method is the treat\/retreat game\u2014have a person on the edge of his comfort zone, and have them toss him a treat.\u00a0 When he steps forward to get the treat, have the person step back.\u00a0 He learns that as he steps forward, he gets the reward, AND the social pressure of having a person too close is relieved<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Almost opposite the first\u2014you just ignore the stimulus and walk right by. The key to this technique is that you want to walk one millimeter closer than the distance at which he would not notice.\u00a0 You do not want to go so close that he fights you, you just want to get close enough that he is aware, and you want to be resolute enough that it never occurs to him to balk.\u00a0 You briskly and confidently walk right by as though there were nothing there. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A combination of the first two\u2014you sit somewhere at the threshold distance and you just play with your animal and possibly with another animal until he forgets all about the stimulus.\u00a0 You do not try to get any closer, you just saturate his brain with the stimulus at a safe distance. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Train your animal incompatible behaviors when away from stimuli that you can practice at a threshold distance. I particularly like activities like spin and rollover that require his mental, visual, and emotional involvement. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Actively train your dog to relax on cue and practice that in novel situations. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">Once your dog is doing well, repeat the process in as many places as possible\u2014vet&#8217;s office, mall, airport parking lot, elevator, vacuum, fan, blender, loud noises, flashing lights, school playground, be creative and teach him that every new experience is fun and safe! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Socializing \u00a0 In the past few years, puppy socialization has become a hot topic among dog owners and breeders.\u00a0 This is a very good thing because socialization can significantly improve the life of any dog. Numerous studies have been performed on various species, and the results are consistent\u2014actively socialized animals have greater brain mass and <a href='https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/socializing-your-puppy\/' class='excerpt-more'>[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[72,69,71,70,68],"class_list":["post-71","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-training","tag-creating-confident-puppies","tag-how-to-socialize","tag-overcoming-fearfulness","tag-puppy-raising","tag-socializing-puppy","category-3-id","post-seq-1","post-parity-odd","meta-position-line-bottom","fix"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions\/74"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/talentedanimals.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}